Pile-fabric loom



. .1,676,039 H. MAsoN PILE FABRIC LOOM Filed Deo. 16, 1926 2Sheets-Sheet l .mgl

ATTORNEY M Nw L OC SI AM MA IF. Hm I P July 3, 1928.

Filed Dec. 16, 1926 2 Sheets-sheet 2 Patented July 3, 1928.

HOWARD MASON, OF SAXONVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

PILE-FABRIC LOOM.

Application led December i8, 1926. Serial No. 155,286.

This invention relates 'to looms for Weaving pile fabrics, such asWilton or the like, wherein a multiplicity of figuring pile warp threadsare selectively formed into loops a over pile wires to form a figuringor pattern effect upon the surface of theicloth. p

ln weaving this general character of pile fabric as now ordinarilypracticed, the figuring pile warp shed is closed or substantially lclosed prior to the full beat-up movement of the lay, in order to carrythe selected figuring pile warp threads about the pile wire previouslyin the shed and maintain the pile wire in its pile forming position.inasmuch, however, as those figuring pile warp threads not raised inaccordance with the pattern desired float in the body of the fabric andconsequently become slack, such slaclrness is manifested in the pileloops when the order of the figuring pile warp shed is changed, with theresult that when the pile loops are cut, an uneven pile surface isliable to be produced. ln attempts to overcome this condition, it hasheretofore been the practice to impart to the lay two beat-up movements,either of the same or different extent, with consequent loss of fabricproduction.

One of the objects of the present invention, therefore, is to overcomethe difficulties heretofore experienced in the weaving of `Wilton andlike pile fabrics, eliminate the slackness heretofore present in thefiguring pile warp threads during the formation of the pile loops and toincrease the output of the loom by driving up both the pile Wire andweft thread by a single beat-up movement of the lay. In` accordance withthe present invention, those figuring pile warp threads, which areraised in accordance with the pattern to form pile loops are placedunder tension to take up the slack, and such tension is maintainedduring the beat-np movement of thelay to carry the pile Wire to the fellof the cloth, the result being that a single beat-up movement of the layaffects the pile forming loops uniformly throughout the fabric.

More specifically stated, the present invention contemplates theemployment of a )acquard mechanism having a griffl for selectivelyraising certain of the figuring pile warp threads, and means foroperating the CFI ypleted or substantially completed its griff' orraising it and maintaining it raised with the lifted figuring pile Waijpthreads undei` tension until the lay has completed or substantiallycompleted its beat-up movement to carry `the pile wire to the fell ofthe cloth and in connection with such `jacquard mechanism, the groundWarp threads are controlled by harness mechanism for producing theground shed for the insertion of the weft.

In carrying out the essentials ent invention, the griff is actuated froma cam having a dwell portion which serves to maintain the griff inelevated position until the pile wire has been inserted in the figuringpile warp shed and the layhas combeat-up movement, whereupon the camoperates to close the figuring pile warp shed as the lay goes back. Inconnection with such dwell cam portion of the griff, the presentinvention further contemplates cam means having a. dwell of somewhatless extent for controlling the coniber board to position other figuringpile warp threads to fioat within the body of the fabric.

The invention and new combination of parts will best be made clear fromthe following description and the accompanying drawings of one good formthereof, it being understood, of course, that variations may be made indetails without departing from the essentials of the present invention.

ln the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective side view of a pile fabric loom containing thepresent invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail showing the relation of the figurin pilewarp threads and ground warp threa s u on the insertion of the pile wireand weftt read;

Fig. 3 shows the relation of parts during the beat-up movement of thelay, the loop forming figuring warp threads being raised and undertension; and

Fig. 4 is a detached detail at the head of the jacquard. v

The loom frame 1 may be of usual construction having the arch 2 for theharness mechanism 3 which operates the lieddles or harnesses l forcontrol of the ground warp threads. The harness mechanism and its oplillof the presl erating means may be of usual construction, the essentialsin this regard being that the ground shedding mechamsm-operates toproduce the ground shed for the insertionV of lthe weft threads.

gear 7 which meshes vwith a bevelled pinion 8 on the shaft 9. Fixed tothe shaft 9 'is the gear l0 which meshes with a smaller gear 11securedto the crank shaft 12, which 'extends transversely of the loom,and connected with the crank shaft 12 are the pitmen 13,-one at eachside of the loom, which actuate. the lay 14 to effect its beat-upmovements. Since the fabric produced by the loom shown is wide and maybein the form of a rug or the like, the torque on the crank shaft may be.relieved and the crank shaft operate both ends of the lay moreeffectively by driving the crank shaft at each end thereof, although itmay not always be necessary. .'In the lpresent instance of theinvention, however, the crank shaft has secured thereto the gears `15,one at each side of the loom, which meshwith the smaller gears 16 on'the transverse shaft 17, the result being that the crank shaft receivessimiliar impulses at each side of the 1oom, a condition desirable whenweaving rugs or wide fabrics.

The pile wire inserting mechanism is shown only in part and comprisesthe flexible connection 18 and pulley 19. Further details of the pilewire inserting mechanism appear unnecessary because the details thereofform no part of the present invention and may be of usual character forinserting pile wires in the figuring pile warp shed.

The jacquard mechanism'except in so far as herein further explained maybe of usual 'construction and comprises the overhead frame 20 andcross-girders 21 for supporting the parts o f the jacquard mechanism.The jacquard includes a griff 22 which may also be of usualconstruction. but in accordance with the present invention the griff isgiven movement such that when the jacquard selects the desired figuringpile warp threads to form the pattern in pile loops, the

griff is raised and maintained raised to produce tension upon the liftedpile forming threads until after the lay has completed or substantiallycompleted its beat-up movement, as will be later described.

Mounted upon the lower shaft 9 is the cam 23 having a dwell portionextendingl between the points a and b, and riding upon the cam 23 is aroller 24 carried by a lever 25 which is pivoted at 26 to a bracket orstand 27 at the lower part of the loom frame, the construction beingsuch that the lever, 25 will be rocked upon its pivotal support of thejacquard. Secured to and extending from the shaft 33 is the arm 35 whichis connected by the rod/36 to the griff 22, the construction being suchthat the movements imparted to the lever 25 by the cam 23 will betransmitted to the griff, and since the cam 23 serves to raise the griffand by its dwell Iportion between the points a and b ,maintain it raisedduringthe beat-up movement of the lay, the figuring pile warp threadsselected by the jacquard mechanism will be held raised during the dwellof the` griff.

Mounted upon the lower shaft 9 is a second cam 37 having a dwell portionbetween the points c and al of somewhat less extent than the dwellportion a and b of the cam 23, and riding'u'pon the cam 37 is the roller38 carried by the 'lever 39, which is here shown as mounted for pivotalmovement upon the axis 26. The other end portion of the lever 39 isconnected at 40 to an upwardly extending rod 41 for controlling thecomber board. In the present instance of the invention, theupper portionof the rod 41 is pivotally connected at 342 to the arm 43 secured to thetransverse shaft 44 mounted in the overhead-framing, as indicated inFig. 1. The shaft 44 has secured thereto the arm 45 connected by hangers46 to the comber board 47. the construction being such that the comberboard will be raised under the dictates of the cam 37 and dwell for atime in its raised position to thereby form the lower plane of thefiguring pile warp sheds, as indicated in Fig. 2.

Inasmuch as the comber board positions the figuring pile warp threads toioat within the body of the fabric upon the formation of the figuringpile warp shed, the shaft 44 connected to the comber board is preferablycounterweighted. This may be effectively done by a weight 48 secured tothe rod 49 connected at its upper end at 50 to an arm 51 secured to thetransverse shaft 44. and in order to maintain proper movement of the rod49, the lower end portion thereof is conveniently passed through a guide52 secured to the loom frame.

The jacquard cylinder 53, asindicated in Fig. 1, is given its usualmovements towards and from the usual needles by eccentric mechanism,which in the present instance of the invention, consists of theeccentric 54, of which there may be one at each side of the loom. Asshown, the eccentric 54 is mounted upon the shaft 55 which is -given itsrotary movements by means of a pinion 56 secured to the shaft 55 andmeshing with a gear 57 secured to the transverse shaft '17. Theecmounted for movement in guideways, 66 and carrying the jacquardcylinder 53,'the effect `being that upon rotation' of the eccentric orfeccentrics, the jacquard cylinder will be moved to and from itsoperative position as usual to selectively engage the hooks of thejacquard with the usual knives of the griff 22. The eccentric actuationofthe jacquard cylinder is important, as giving to the cylinder positiveand determined movements in all 'of its positions.

As indicated in Fig. 2, the multiplicity of figuring pile Warp threads epass through the reed 67 carried by the lay 14, and similarly,

the ground Warp threads f pass through the reed.

During that cycle. of loom operation yfor formation of the figuring pileloops, the jac-y quard pattern, as usual, selects the figuring pile Warpthreads that are to be raised to form the pile loops, whereupon, thecontrolling cam 23 actuates through the train of mechanism described forraising the griff' to form the figuring pile warp shed, as indicated inFig. 2, while the comber board positions the figuring pile Warp threadsthat are not to form pile loops to float in the body of the fabric, asindicated in Fig; 2. rllhe pile Wire 68 is thereupon inserted by thepile wire inserting .mechanism and the ground shed is formed by theharness mechanism for the insertion of the weft thread Y 69. Owing tothe dwell portions of the cams 23 and 37, the griff 22 will not only beraised by the cam 23 but will be held raised, thereby tensioning thefiguring pile warp threads in the upper plane of the pile shed and takeup any slack. At this time, also, the comber board 47 will place thefiguring pile Warp threads to fioat within the body of the fabric.

'With the parts being in the position stated,

the lay beats up, thereby forcing the pile wire. 68 and the weft threads69 to the fell of the cloth, as indicated in Fig. 3, While the pileforming shed remains open, with the result that the slack being taken upin the pile forming warp threads which are to form the pile loops, onlyone beat-up movement of the lay is necessary. The result of this is thatincreased production of fabric results, the parts are simplified, andfabric of uniform surface and pattern is produced.

What is claimed is:

1. A loom for weaving figured pile fabrics having a multiplicity offiguring pile warp threads and ground Warp threads, comprising, incombination, the lay, transverse pile Wire mechanism, a jacquard havinga griff' for selectively controlling the pie Warp threads, harnessmechanism for controlling the ground warp threads, a cam for raising thegriff and havlnff a dwell portion for' maintaining the griff raised andthe lifted figuring pile warp threads under tension, and means foroperating the lay to beat up the transverse pile wire and a weft threadsimultaneously to the fell of the cloth during the dwell of the griff'and consequent. tension on the raised figuring pile warp threads.

2. A loom for weaving Wilton and similar figured pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile warp threads and ground warp threadscomprising, in combination, the lay, transverse pile wire mechanism, ajacquard having a griff for selectively raising certain of the figuringpile Warp threads, harness mechanismfor shedding the ground Warpthreads, a cam having a dwell portion, connections between the cam andgrid for raising the griff and maintaining it raised with the selectedfiguring pile warp threads under tension during the insertion of thepile wire and a weft thread, and means for actuating the lay to beat-upthe wire and weft thread simultaneously to the fell of the cloth whilethe tension is maintained upon the raised pile warp threads.

3. A loom for weaving Wilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile Warp threads and ground Warp threads,comprising, in combination, the lay' and operating means therefor, atransverse pile wire mechanism, a jacquard having a griffl forselectively raising certain of the figuring pile Warp threads.l harnessmechanism for shedding the ground warp threads for insertion of the weftthreads, means for laying one weft thread below all of thepile Warpthreads and a second weft thread'above all of the pile warp threads,means connected to the griff for raising it and maintaining it raisedwith the lifted figuring pile Warp threads under tension during thefront movement of' the lay to carry the pile wire and lower weft threadsimultaneously to the fell of the cloth while the raised figuring pilewarp threads are .under tension.

4. A loom for Weaving Wilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile warp threads land ground warp threads,comprising in combination, the lay and operating means therefor.transverse pile wire mechanism, a jacuard having a griff for selectivelyraising certain of the figuring pile Warp threads, harness mechanism forshedding the ground warp threads for insertion of the weft threads,

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means for laying a weft thread in the shed, means connected to thegriffl for raising it and maintaining it raised with the lifted figuringpile warp threads under tension during the front movement -of the lay tocarry the pile wire to the fell of the cloth while the raised figuringpile Warp threads are under tension, means for vactuating the lay tobeat-up a pile wire and weft thread s1- nlultaneously to thefell of thecloth, and means for fioating the unlifted figuring pile warp threads inthe body of the fabric. l

A loom for weaving Wilton and similar pile fabrics having a multiplicityof figuring pile warp threads and ground warp threads, comprising, incombination; the lay and operating means therefor, a jacquard having agriffI for selectively raising; certain of the figuring pile warpthreads, harness mechanism for shedding the ground warp threads forinsertion of the weft threads, means connected to the grifl' for raisingit and maintaining itraised with the lifted figuring pile warp threadsunder tension during the front movement of the lay to carry thepile/wire and a weft thread simultaneously to the fell of` the clothwhile the raised figuring pile warp threads are under tension, andthereupon acting to lower the griff and controlled figuring pile warpthreads to form the pile loop.

6. A loom for weaving pile fabrics having a multiplicity of figuringpile warp threads and ground warp threads, comprising, in combination,the lay and operating means therefor. transverse pile wire insertingmechanism, a jacquard having a griff for selectively raising certain ofthe multiplicity of figuring pile warp threads to form the upper planeof the pile shed, a comber board for controlling the other figuring pilewarp threads to forni the lower plane of the pile shed, harnessmechanism for forming the ground shed. a cam for raising the griffl andprovided with a dwell portion for maintaining the griff raised and thelifted figuring pile warp threads under tension in the upper plane ofthe pile shed during'the beat-up movement of the lay to beat the pilewire to the fell of the cloth, a second cam having a dwellv portion forcontrolling the comber board and maintaining the other figuring pilewarp threads in position to float in the body of the fabric, said camsthereupon acting to shift the figuring pile threads to form the pileloops.

7. A loom for weaving lVilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile warp threads and ground warp threads,comprising, in combination, the lay and its operating means, transversepile wire inserting mechanism, a jacquard having a grifi` forselectively raising certain of the multiplicity of figuring pile warpthreads, harness mechanism for forming the ground shed,'acam having adwell, a lever actuated by the cam and connected to the griff to raiseit and maintain it raised and the lifted figuring pile warp threadsunder tension during frontward movement of the lay to beat-up the pileWire and a weft thread simultaneously to the fell of the cloth while thelifted figuring pile Warp threads are under tension, and means formaintaining the other figuring pile Warp threads in position to float inthe body of the fabric.

8. A loom foi` weaving Wilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figur-` ing pile warp threads and ground Warp threads,comprising, in combination, thelay and its operating means, transversepile wire inserting mechanism, a jacquard having a griff for selectivelyraising certain of the multiplicity of figuring pile warp threads,harness mechanism for forming the ground shed, a cam having a dwell, alever actuated by the cam and connected to the griff to raise it andmaintain it raised and the lifted figuring pile warp threads undertension during frontward movement of the lay to beat up the pile Wire tothe fell 0f the cloth while the lifted figuring pile Warp threads `areunder tension, a second cam having a dwell portion for maintaining theother figuring pile warp threads in position to float in the body of thefabric.

9. A loom for Weaving lVilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile warp threads and ground warp threads,comprising, in combination, the lay and its operating means, transversepile wire inserting mechanism, a jacquard having a griff for selectivelyraising certain of the multiplicity of figuring pile warp threads,harness mechanism for forming the ground shed, a cam having a dwell, alever actuated by the cam and connected to the griff to raise it andmaintain it raised and the lifted figuring pile warp threads undertension during frontward movement of the lay to beat up the pile wire tothe fell of the cloth While the lifted figuring pile Warp threads areunder tension, a second cam having a dwell portion of less extent thanthe dwell portion of the other cam to cause the other figuring pile warpthreads to fioat in the body of the fabric.

10. `A loom for weaving Tilton and similar pile fabrics having amultiplicity of figuring pile warp threads and ground warp threads,comprising, in combination, the lay, transverse pile wire insertingmechanism, a jacquard having a griff for selectively raising certain ofthe figuring pile warp threads to form the pile shed', harness mechanismfor shedding the ground warp threads, a cam shaft, a cam having a dwellportion secured to said shaft, a lever actuated by the dwell cam, a rodconnection tween the second lever and coniber board that between thelever and griff for raising the the dwell portions of the cams may main-10 griff and holding it raised with the selected tain the figuring pilewarp shed open during figuring pile warp threads under tension thebeat-up movement of the lay.

during the beatup movement of the 1ay,ra In testimony whereof, I haveSlgned my second cam on the cam shaft provided with name to thisspecification.

- a dwell portion, a second lever actuated by said second cam, and a rodconnection be- HOWARD MASON.

